Comparative Study On B4C And Theirs Composites Ceramics Materials (CCMs),
Cermets And Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) For Enhanced Impact Resistance And
Energy Absorption: Application For Ballistical Projection

Badis Bendjemil^1,*, Lassaad Ajili², Khaoula Safi³, Mounir Ferhi², Karima Horchani Naifer²

¹Laboratory of Applied Mechanic and Novel Nanomaterials, University of 08 May 1945 Guelma,
avenue 19 May 1956, CS 401, 24000 Guelma, (ALGERIA)
²Physical Chemistry Laboratory for Mineral Materials and their Applications,
National Center for Research in Materials Sciences CNRSM, Technopole Borj Cedria, (TUNISIA)
³LMS Laboratory, University of 8 May 1945 Guelma, avenue 19 May 1956, CS 401, CS 24000 Guelma, (ALGERIA)

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ABSTRACT – DOI:

Ceramic armor materials are intended to protect people and vehicles from ballistic damage. Currently, emphasis is placed on developing ceramics with properties that are difficult to achieve, such as high ballistic performance and low weight. The development of ceramic materials over the past three decades has resulted in continuous improvements in their properties and structural uniformity. However, the relationship between these properties and the ballistic performance of ceramics remains unclear. This article reviews the current understanding of the failure stages of ceramic armor and methods for assessing ballistic performance.  A comparison is made between boron carbide B₄C and theirs CCMs, cermet, FGMs and composites, B₄C-Al, B₄C-AlN, B₄C-TiAl, B₄C-TiB₂, B₄C-ZrB₂, B₄C-nanoWC and B₄C-Si₃N₄ to reduce grain size and increasing the sinterability. Although the development of ceramic materials has actively contributed to improving their properties, their relationship with ballistic performance remains a mystery. This study attempts to gain further insight into the failure stages of ceramic composites and cermets armor and how to evaluate its performance. A comparison was made between eight major ceramic composite, cermets and FGMs materials synthesised by differents process : powder metallurgy (PM),  by conventionnel and microwave sintering (CS and MW), spark plasma sintering (FAST-SPS), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), (SHS), fluxual melting and then rolling (FMR) and additive manufacturing (AM)  by SLM after manufacturing of the powder by atomisation technics. To better understand their properties and potential applications in ballistic protection.